Xamarin is a cross-platform development platform that allows developers to write mobile applications in C#, and run them on major mobile platforms (Android and iOS).
In February 2016, Xamarin was acquired by Microsoft, which means that Xamarin is now integrated with Microsoft’s developer tools and services. Alongside this, Xamarin SDK also became open source.
Android is an operating system developed by Google as an open-source project. It has been used primarily for smartphones and tablets, but was also modified in order to be used for TVs, cars, and smartwatches.
Apache Cordova (formerly known as PhoneGap) is one of the most popular mobile app development frameworks. It was initially developed by Nitobi, and its purpose is to enable developers to build mobile applications using CSS3, HTML and JavaScript, instead of relying (like before) on platform-specific APIs.
Apache Cordova enables features from JavaScript and HTML to function properly on mobile devices. The apps developed using this framework are hybrid apps, and although the apps are not built using the specific APIs of the mobile platforms, they have access to native platform features.
Objective-C is an object-oriented programming language used for developing software for OS X and iOS. It is a superset of the C programming language, with dynamic runtime and object-oriented capabilities. It gives users the possibility to compile any C program with an Objective-C compiler and to freely include C language code within an Objective-C class.
This language follows the syntax, primitive types and flow control statements of the C language, while adding syntax for defining classes and methods. Objective-C also adds language-level support for object graph management and object literals, while providing dynamic typing and binding, deferring many responsibilities until runtime.
The programming language was originally developed in the early 1980s and it was the main language used by NeXT for its NeXTSTEP operating system, from which OS X and iOS are derived.
Swift is a compiled programming language created by Apple. It combines elements from the C and Objective-C languages. It has modern features and safe patterns that make programming more adaptable and easier.
Swift is a fresh approach to programming languages and is supported by the well-known Cocoa and Cocoa Touch frameworks. It is a programming language built with the LLVM compiler framework that is included in Xcode (version 6 or later). Swift allows programmers to combine C, Objective-C, C++ and Swift code within a single app.
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